Thomas Steiner
Badge digunakan untuk menyampaikan informasi yang tidak mendesak kepada pengguna. Misalnya, nilai ini digunakan untuk menunjukkan status aplikasi atau jumlah item yang belum dibaca. Cara klasik untuk membuat badge aplikasi adalah menambahkan angka ke favicon. Di browser modern, setelah aplikasi diinstal, ada cara bawaan untuk menambahkan badge ke ikon aplikasi di taskbar sistem operasi.
Cara modern
Menggunakan metode navigator.setAppBadge()
Metode navigator.setAppBadge() menetapkan badge pada ikon yang terkait dengan
aplikasi terinstal. Metode ini mengambil argumen tunggal opsional, yaitu
bilangan bulat yang akan digunakan sebagai nilai badge. Jika angkanya ditetapkan ke 0,
badge aplikasi akan dihapus. Tidak memberikan argumen akan menghasilkan badge generik, biasanya
ditampilkan sebagai titik berwarna.
Cara klasik
Menambahkan angka ke favicon
Jika aplikasi belum diinstal, Anda dapat menambahkan nomor ke favicon. Ada banyak cara untuk melakukannya, misalnya, dengan menggambar favicon secara dinamis ke kanvas dengan info badge yang ditambahkan dan menampilkannya sebagai URL Blob, atau untuk membuat gambar SVG dengan info badge sebagai URL data.
{i>Progressive enhancement <i}
Cuplikan di bawah ini menggunakan elemen kustom
<favicon-badge></favicon-badge>
yang memungkinkan developer menetapkan badge secara deklaratif pada favicon yang ditentukan melalui atribut src
dengan meneruskan bilangan bulat ke atribut badge. Saat pengguna menginstal aplikasi, badge "diupgrade" ke badge sistem operasi native.
import 'https://unpkg.com/favicon-badge@2.0.0/dist/FavIconBadge.js';
// DOM references.
const favicon = document.querySelector('favicon-badge');
const installButton = document.querySelector('button');
// Feature detection.
const supportsAppBadge = 'setAppBadge' in navigator;
let setAppBadge;
// For the demo simply set the badge between [0, 9].
let i = 0;
const getAppBadgeValue = () => {
if (i > 9) {
i = 0;
}
return i++;
};
// Set the badge on the favicon.
const setAppBadgeFavicon = (value) => {
favicon.badge = value;
};
// Set the native operating system badge.
const setAppBadgeNative = (value) => {
navigator.setAppBadge(value);
}
// If the app is installed and the Badging API is supported,
// set the badge on the native operating system. Else, fall
// back to the favicon.
if (
matchMedia('(display-mode: standalone)').matches &&
supportsAppBadge
) {
setAppBadge = setAppBadgeNative;
} else {
setAppBadge = setAppBadgeFavicon;
}
// Set a new badge every second.
setInterval(() => {
setAppBadge(getAppBadgeValue());
}, 1000);
// If installation is supported…
if ('BeforeInstallPromptEvent' in window) {
let installEvent = null;
const onInstall = () => {
// After installation, "upgrade" to the native operating system badge.
installButton.disabled = true;
installEvent = null;
if (supportsAppBadge) {
favicon.badge = false;
setAppBadge = setAppBadgeNative;
}
};
// …listen for the `beforeinstallprompt` event.
window.addEventListener('beforeinstallprompt', (event) => {
event.preventDefault();
installEvent = event;
installButton.disabled = false;
});
// Deal with installation.
installButton.addEventListener('click', async () => {
if (!installEvent) {
return;
}
installEvent.prompt();
const result = await installEvent.userChoice;
if (result.outcome === 'accepted') {
onInstall();
}
});
// Listen for the `appinstalled` in case the user installs the app manually.
window.addEventListener('appinstalled', (event) => {
onInstall();
});
}
Bacaan lebih lanjut
Demo
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<link rel="manifest" href="manifest.json" />
<title>How to create an app badge</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
<!-- TODO: Devsite - Removed inline handlers -->
<!-- <script>
if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
window.addEventListener('load', async () => {
const registration = await navigator.serviceWorker.register(
'sw.js',
);
console.log(
'Service worker registered for scope',
registration.scope,
);
});
}
</script>
<script src="script.js" type="module"></script> -->
</head>
<body>
<h1>How to create an app badge</h1>
<ol>
<li>
Watch the favicon. You should see a counter that updates each second
integrated into the favicon.
<img
src="../favicon.png"
style="width: 250px; height: auto"
width="528"
height="74"
alt="Favicon with counter."
/>
</li>
<li>
Install the app by clicking the button below. After the installation,
the button is disabled.
<p>
<button disabled type="button">Install</button>
</p>
</li>
<li>
Watch the app icon in your operating system's task bar. You should see a
counter that updates each second as an app badge.
<img
src="../app-badge.png"
style="width: 80px; height: auto"
width="282"
height="388"
alt="App badge with counter."
/>
</li>
</ol>
<favicon-badge src="../favicon.svg" textColor="#fff" badge="" />
</body>
</html>CSS
html {
box-sizing: border-box;
font-family: system-ui, sans-serif;
color-scheme: dark light;
}
*, *:before, *:after {
box-sizing: inherit;
}
body {
margin: 1rem;
}
img {
height: auto;
max-width: 100%;
display: block;
}
JS
import 'https://unpkg.com/favicon-badge@2.0.0/dist/FavIconBadge.js';
// The `` custom element.
const favicon = document.querySelector('favicon-badge');
// The install button.
const installButton = document.querySelector('button');
// Feature detection.
const supportsAppBadge = 'setAppBadge' in navigator;
// This function will either set the favicon or the native
// app badge. The implementation is dynamically changed at runtime.
let setAppBadge;
// Variable for the counter.
let i = 0;
// Returns a value between 0 and 9.
const getAppBadgeValue = () => {
if (i > 9) {
i = 0;
}
return i++;
};
// Function to set a favicon badge.
const setAppBadgeFavicon = (value) => {
favicon.badge = value;
};
// Function to set a native app badge.
const setAppBadgeNative = (value) => {
navigator.setAppBadge(value);
}
// If the app is installed and native app badges are supported,
// use the native app badge.
if (
matchMedia('(display-mode: standalone)').matches &&
supportsAppBadge
) {
setAppBadge = setAppBadgeNative;
// In all other cases (i.e., if the app is not installed or native
// app badges are not supported), use the favicon badge.
} else {
setAppBadge = setAppBadgeFavicon;
}
// Update the badge every second.
setInterval(() => {
setAppBadge(getAppBadgeValue());
}, 1000);
// Only relevant for browsers that support installation.
if ('BeforeInstallPromptEvent' in window) {
// Variable to stash the `BeforeInstallPromptEvent`.
let installEvent = null;
// Function that will be run when the app is installed.
const onInstall = () => {
// Disable the install button.
installButton.disabled = true;
// No longer needed.
installEvent = null;
if (supportsAppBadge) {
// Remove the favicon badge.
favicon.badge = false;
// Switch the implementation so it uses the native
// app badge.
setAppBadge = setAppBadgeNative;
}
};
window.addEventListener('beforeinstallprompt', (event) => {
// Do not show the install prompt quite yet.
event.preventDefault();
// Stash the `BeforeInstallPromptEvent` for later.
installEvent = event;
// Enable the install button.
installButton.disabled = false;
});
installButton.addEventListener('click', async () => {
// If there is no stashed `BeforeInstallPromptEvent`, return.
if (!installEvent) {
return;
}
// Use the stashed `BeforeInstallPromptEvent` to prompt the user.
installEvent.prompt();
const result = await installEvent.userChoice;
// If the user installs the app, run `onInstall()`.
if (result.outcome === 'accepted') {
onInstall();
}
});
// The user can decide to ignore the install button
// and just use the browser prompt directly. In this case
// likewise run `onInstall()`.
window.addEventListener('appinstalled', (event) => {
onInstall();
});
}